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Chromium
Other name(s):
trivalent chromium, chromium picolinate
General description
Chromium is an essential trace
metal. It helps control your blood sugar. It also helps insulin work well. You also need
it to break down and store carbohydrates, fat, and protein.
Medically valid uses
Chromium deficiency is rare in
people. Studies of using chromium to treat blood sugar and type 2 diabetes don't have
definite results. Research is ongoing.
Recommended intake
Chromium is measured in micrograms
(mcg). Listed below are the adequate intake (AI) levels for chromium.
|
Group
|
Suggested allowance
|
|
Infants (0 to 6 months)
|
0.2 mcg
|
|
Infants (7 to 12 months)
|
5.5 mcg
|
|
Children (1 to 3 years)
|
11 mcg
|
|
Children (4 to 8 years)
|
15 mcg
|
|
Children (9 to 13 years)
|
males 25 mcg, females 21 mcg
|
|
Adolescents (14 to 18 years)
|
males 35 mcg, females 24 mcg
|
|
Adults (19 to 50 years)
|
males 35 mcg, females 25 mcg
|
|
Adults (50+ years)
|
males 30 mcg, females 20 mcg
|
|
Pregnant women
|
29-30 mcg
|
|
Breastfeeding women
|
44-45 mcg
|
The amount of chromium in your body declines with age.
When you take it by mouth, chromium is not absorbed well. Many chromium products are chelated. This means that the chromium binds to another chemical that helps it absorb.
The National Institutes of Health
says the dietary intake of chromium can't be determined. This is due to agricultural and
manufacturing processes. Below are approximate amounts of chromium in some foods.
|
Food
|
Chromium (mcg)
|
|
Broccoli, 1/2 cup
|
11
|
|
Grape juice, 1 cup
|
8
|
|
English muffin, whole wheat, 1
|
4
|
|
Potatoes, mashed, 1 cup
|
3
|
|
Garlic, dried, 1 teaspoon
|
3
|
|
Basil, dried, 1 tablespoon
|
2
|
|
Beef cubes, 3 oz.
|
2
|
|
Orange juice, 1 cup
|
2
|
|
Turkey breast, 3 oz.
|
2
|
|
Whole wheat bread, 2 slices
|
2
|
|
Red wine, 5 oz.
|
1–13
|
|
Apple, unpeeled, 1 medium
|
1
|
|
Banana, 1 medium
|
1
|
|
Green beans, 1/2 cup
|
1
|
Side effects, toxicity, and interactions
A high intake of chromium in your
diet doesn’t cause serious side effects. But you should check with a healthcare provider
before taking it. This is vital if you’re pregnant or breastfeeding.
If you have diabetes, chromium
supplements could change how much medicine you need. They may also lower your blood
sugar levels. Check your blood sugar levels closely if you start taking them.
Chromium supplements may interact
with other medicines. Zinc may decrease how well you absorb chromium. Chromium may cause
you to need less of your diabetes medicines.
These may reduce chromium levels:
-
Antacids
-
Corticosteroids
-
H2 blockers
-
Proton pump inhibitors
These may increase chromium levels:
These can help your body absorb chromium:
Online Medical Reviewer:
Cynthia Godsey
Online Medical Reviewer:
Diane Horowitz MD
Online Medical Reviewer:
Rita Sather RN
Date Last Reviewed:
8/1/2016