Turner syndrome is a rare disorder that affects approximately 1 out of every 2,500 females in the United States. Girls and women who have it are missing, or have a defect in, one of their sex chromosomes. The cause of Turner syndrome is unknown, but experts believe the genetic defect occurs randomly. Because those who have it could be missing part or all of one of their sex chromosomes, the symptoms of Turner syndrome vary significantly from person to person. But the classic signs of Turner syndrome are short stature and failure to develop secondary sex characteristics. (Both have been treated successfully with hormones.)

Learning disabilities are less apparent, but equally vexing problems of Turner syndrome. Girls with Turner syndrome generally have normal intelligence and verbal aptitude, but they have difficulty learning math and mastering hand-eye coordination tasks such as driving, sewing, and computer work.

Dr. Judith Ross has examined the genetic, physical, behavioral, hormonal, cognitive, and social aspects of Turner syndrome. She began research on Turner syndrome 25 years ago as a fellow at the National Institutes of Health. Her research has led to cutting-edge discoveries about how estrogen treatment of Turner syndrome girls can improve such critically important issues as self-esteem and mood. Dr. Ross is a professor in the Department of Pediatrics and Chief of the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology at Thomas Jefferson University, and she is affiliated with the A.I. Dupont Hospital for Children.

Reporter Laurie Udesky interviewed Dr. Ross about her innovative research. Among other things, they discussed how scientific investigations of Turner syndrome have led to a greater understanding of the disorder and a better quality of life for girls and women who have it.

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Digital Audio Team

Reporter, writer, producer, and digital audio editor: Laurie Udesky
Script editor: Diana Hembree
Sound engineer: Laurie Udesky
Flash production: Eric Turner

Web production: Deepi Brar

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First published December 12, 2006
Last updated May 21, 2008
Copyright © 2006 Consumer Health Interactive